Understanding Computer Networks and Their Applications
A network is a collection or set of computing devices connected to one another to establish communication and share available resources. A network comprises software and hardware devices. You can have a network even if you are not connected to the internet. Computer networks make it possible for people to transfer files from one place to another and to communicate in the shortest time possible.
Computer Network Applications
Computer network applications are software applications that utilize the Internet or other network hardware infrastructure to perform useful functions, such as file transfers within a network. They help us to transfer data from one point to another within the network.
Pure Network Applications
These are applications created to be used in networks; using pure network applications on a single computer doesn’t make sense. They help us to transfer data and communicate within a network. Such applications have a separate and distinct user interface that users must learn.
Email Programs
They allow users to type messages at their local nodes and then send them to someone on the network. It is a fast and easy way of transferring mail from one computer to another.
Examples of Email Programs:
- Pegasus Mail
- Outlook Express
- Eudora
- Windows Mail
- Fox Mail
- Opera
- Poco Mail
- Mozilla Thunderbird
File Transfer Protocol (FTP)
This application facilitates the transfer of files from one computer to another, e.g., from a client to a server.
Processes Involved in FTP:
- Downloading: Obtaining files from a server to a workstation or a client.
- Uploading: Transferring files from a workstation to a server.
Examples of FTP Programs:
- FTP in Unix
- FTP in Linux
- FTP in Windows
Terminal Emulation (TELNET)
It allows a workstation to access the server for an application program. This enables you to control the server and communicate with other servers on the network. The workstation appears as a dumb terminal that is directly attached to the server.
Groupware
These applications are used to automate the administrative functions of a modern office, such as video conferencing and chatting. They facilitate the work of groups and improve their productivity.
- Video Conferencing: Conducting a conference between two or more participants at different sites by using computer networks to transmit audio and video data.
- Chatting: Real-time communication between two users via computer.
Stand-Alone Applications
These are applications that run on stand-alone computers (computers not connected to any other). They function even when the computer is offline. Examples include word processors, spreadsheets, database management systems, presentations graphics, project management, etc.
Business Applications of Computer Networks
- Resource Sharing:
The goal is to make all programs, equipment (like printers), and data available to anyone on the network without regard to the physical location of the resource and the user.
- Server-Client Model:
Data is stored on powerful computers called Servers. Employees have simple machines called Clients, using which they access remote data.
- Communication Medium:
A computer network can provide a powerful communication medium among employees. Email is commonly used for daily communication.
- eCommerce:
Businesses are increasingly doing business with consumers over the Internet. Popular forms include online shopping for books, music, and other goods.
| Business Application | Description |
|---|---|
| Resource Sharing | Sharing programs, equipment, and data |
| Server-Client Model | Accessing remote data stored on servers |
| Communication Medium | Daily communication through email |
| eCommerce | Online business transactions |
Home Applications of Computer Networks
Some important uses of the Internet for home users include:
- Access to remote information
- Person-to-person communication
- Interactive entertainment
- Electronic commerce
Mobile Users
Mobile computers, such as notebook computers and mobile phones, are one of the fastest-growing segments of the computer industry. Wireless networking and mobile computing are often related, but not identical.
Uses of Computer Networks
Computer networks have become invaluable to organizations and individuals. Some of its main uses are:
- Information and Resource Sharing:
Allows organizations to share information and hardware equipment, like printers and scanners, effectively.
- Retrieving Remote Information:
Users can retrieve remote information on a variety of topics through information systems like the World Wide Web.
- Speedy Interpersonal Communication:
Email and social networking services have increased the speed and volume of communication.
- E-Commerce:
Enables various business and commercial transactions online, such as buying and selling items, paying bills, and handling investments.
- Highly Reliable Systems:
Data is stored in multiple sources, making the system highly reliable. If a failure occurs, data is still available from other sources.
- Cost-Effective Systems:
Reduced the cost of establishing computer systems in organizations by setting up interconnected personal computers (PCs) instead of expensive mainframes.
- VOIP:
VOIP or Voiceover Internet Protocol has revolutionized telecommunication systems, allowing telephone calls to be made digitally using Internet Protocols.
